COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW: MODULE 1- PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY
PRE-TEST 1( 40 ITEMS)
SET A: IDENTIFICATION
1. 3RD MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENT ON EARTH CRUST(Al)
2. 2ND MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENT ON EARTH CRUST(Si)
3. MOST ABUNDANT METAL(Al)
4. MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENT & ESSENTIAL OF ALL ON EARTH CRUST(Oxygen)
5. MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENT IN THE UNIVERSE (H)
6. IST ELEMENT PRODUCED ARTIFICIALLY(Technetium)
7. ELEMENT COMMON TO ALL ACIDS(H)
8. ELEMENT PRESENT IN INSULIN(Zn)
9. DISCOVERED OXYGEN AND CALLED IT EMPYREAL AIR(Scheele)
10. DENSIEST ELEMENT IN THE PERIODIC TABLE(Osmium)
11. ARTIFICIAL AIR(20%Oxygen & 80 % Helium)
12. HEAVY WATER(D2O deuterium)
13. SALT FORMING GROUP OF ELEMENTS(halogens)
14. A MEASURE OF THE ACIDITY OF THE SOLUTION( pH)
15. ACID FOUND IN THE STOMACH(HCl)
16. COMPONENT OF HARD WATER(Mg & Ca)
17. MOST ACTIVE OF METALLIC ELEMENTS( Grp.1A, alkali metal)
18. SOFTEST MINERAL KNOWN(talc)
19. RELATIVELY ABUNDANT ELEMENT THAT IS CHEMICALLY ACTIVE IN RESEARCH INVOLVING PHOTOSYNTHESIS(Mg)
20. LAUGHING GAS(N2O, nitrous oxide)
21. ELEMENT THAT APPEARS WIDELY DISTRIBUTED IN NATURE(Oxygen)
22. MOST METALLIC OF THE HALOGENS( Iodine)
23. MOST REACTIVE OF THE ELECTRONEGATIVE ELEMENT(fluorine)
24. ELEMENT THAT OCCURS FREE IN THE ATMOSPHERE(78%)(N)
25. IMPT. ELEMENT IN THE TRANSPORTATION OF OXYGEN BY HEMOGLOBIN.(Iron)
26. CAUSES OF MINAMATA POISONING(Hg)
27. CAUSES OF ITAI ITAI DISEASE IN JAPAN, BELIEVED TO BE CAUSED BY DRINKING WATER CONTAMINATED WITH THIS METAL(CADMIUM)
28. COMMON DISINFECTANT HALOGEN(CHLORINE)
29. ACTIVE COMPONENT OF LUGOL’S SOLUTION(IODINE)
30. GENERIC TERM REFERRING TO VITREOS MATERIALS(GLASS)
31. 2ND MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENT IN THE UNIVERSE(HELIUM)
32. 3RD MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENT IN THE UNIVERSE(OXYGEN)
33. ACTS AS CATALYST FOR THE STORAGE & RELEASE OF IRON.(COPPER)
SET B :MATCHING TYPE CLASSIFICATION( 7 ITEMS)
CHOICES:
ALKALI METALS, ALKALINE EARTH METALS, CHALCOGENS,COINAGE METALS, HALOGENS, INERT GASES,VOLATILE ELEMENTS
INERT GASES,
1. GROUP O (inert gases-He, Ne, Ar, kr, Xe, Rn(Radon)
2. GROUP 1-A(alkali metals- Li, Na, K, rb, Cs, Fr)
3. GROUP II-A ( alkaline earth metals- Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra(Radium)
4. GROUP VI-A(chalcogens- O, S, Se, Te, Po)
5. GROUP I-B( coinage elements- Cu, Ag, Au)
6. GROUP II-B( volatile elements- Zn, Cd, Hg)
7. GROUP VII-A( Halogens- Fluorine, Cl, Br, I, At (astatine)
PRE-TEST 2( 30 ITEMS)
SET A: MATCHING TYPE
1. CALOMEL (HgCl) A. SODIUM NITRATE
2. MINERAL CHAMELEON(KMnO4) B. POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE
3. CINNABAR (HgS) C. MERCUROUS CHLORIDE
4. PREPARED CHALK (CaCO3 ) D. MERCUROUS SULFIDE
5. CHILE SALT PETER(NaNO3) E. CALCIUM CARBONATE
6. CAUSTIC SODA(NaOH) F. SODIUM HYDROXIDE
7. CAUSTIC POTASH (KOH) G. POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE
8. CHINA CLAY(kaolin) H. KAOLIN
9. ALUMINUM TRIOXIDE(Amphogel) I. AMPHOGEL
10. CALCIUM HYDROXIDE>>> J. SLAKED LIME
11. MAGNESIUM SO4>>>>>> K. EPSOM SALT
12. AMMONIUM CO3 >>> L. BAKER’S AMMONIA
13. AL ACETATE SOL>>>>. M. BURROW’S SOL.
14. POTASSIUM NITRATE>>> N. SALT PRUNELLE
15. ZINC SULFATE ( white) O. OIL OF VITRIOL
16. FERROUS SULFATE(Green) P. BLUE VITRIOL
17. SULFURIC ACID(OIL OF VITRIOL Q. WHITE VITRIOL
18. COPPER SULFATE(blue) R. GREEN VITRIOL
19. AGUA REGIA (t) S. SALITRE
20. SODIUM NITRITE(salitre) T. SOLUTION OF HCl & HNO3
SET B: MATCHING TYPE OF USES:
1. SILVER NITRATE >>> A. WET DRESSING FOR 3RD DEGREE BURN
2. SULFURATED POTASH>> B. ANTIMICROBIAL IN WHITE LOTION
3. EPSOM SALT >>> C. USED AS ANTICONVULSANT
4. FERRIC OXIDE >> D. INGREDIENT IN CALAMINE LOTION
5. SELENIUM >>> E. IMPT. MINERAL IN VIT. E AS
ANTIOXIDANT
6. CHROMIUM >>> F. USED AS GLUCOSE TOLERANCE
FACTOR
7. BAL >>> G. ACTS AS ANTIDOTE
8. CARBON>>> H. USED IN THE TX OF DIARRHEA
9. ZINC OXIDE>>>> I. ASTRINGENT & PROTECTANT IN
OINTMENT
10. LITHIUM CARBONATE>> J. USED IN TX FOR MENTAL AILMENT
PRE-TEST 3: (100 ITEMS)
NAME ALL THE ELEMENTS THAT BELONG TO EACH GROUP:
1. ALKALI METALS(6)(Li, Na, K, Rb,Cs, Fr)
2. ALKALINE EARTH METALS(6)(Be, Mg, Ca, Sr,Ba, Ra)
3. NON-METALS(10)(B, C, N, O, Si, P, S, As, Se, Te)
4. HALOGENS(5)( F, Cl, Br, I, At)
5. NOBLE GAS (6)( He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn)
6. LANTHANIDE SERIES (14)(
7. ACTINIDE SERIES (13)
8. TRANSITION METALS (40)
9. OTHER METALS (14)
Vitamins- essential in small amount for the maintenance of normal metabolic forms.
Two groups of vitamins:
1. vit’s ADEK- fat soluble vitamins ( stored for longer time in the body)
2. vitamin C & B- Cmplex – water soluble vitamins ( dissolved and flushed out of the body in the urine)
Vitamins C & E Provitamins beta carotene -are anti oxidant vitamins
Vitamin A- (retinol/ retinoic acid)
Vitamin B- Complex vitamins:
Vitamin B1- ( thiamine)
Vitamin b2- (riboflavin)
Vitamin b3- (Niacin)
Vitamin b4- (choline)
Vitamin b5- (Panthothenic acid)
Vitamin b6- (Pyridoxine)
Vitamin b7 –(biotin)->”vit H”-> for energy metabolism
Vitamin b8 –(inositol)
Vitamin b9- (folic acid)- “Vit M”-> growth factor
Vitamin b10- ( Folacin)
Vitamin B12- ( Cyanocobalamin, PGA pteroyglutamic acid)
Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid)- most unstable of all vitamins
Vitamin D ( Sunshine Vitamin)
D2 (ergosterol)
D3 (Cholecalciferol)
Vitamin E (Alpha-tocopherol)
Vitamin K (phylloquinone)- blood clotting vitamin
Vit. H (Biotin)->B7 -> used in energy metabolism
Vit. F ( Linoleic acid/Lenolenic acid)-> essential fatty acid,used for dietary supplement
Vit. B15 (pangamic acid) -> heart disease prevention
Vit. B17 (amygdalin)-> for cancer treatment
Vit. P (Rutin/Hespiridin/Citrin)-> decrease capillary permeability & fragility
->prevent potential bleeding in areas subject to external pressure
Vitamin generic
descriptor name Vitamer chemical name(s) (list not complete) Deficiency disease
Overdose disease solubility
Vitamin A
Retinol, retinal, and
four carotenoids
including beta carotene
Night-blindness, Hyperkeratosis, and Keratomalacia[19]
Hypervitaminosis A
fat
Vitamin B1
Thiamine
Beriberi, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
Drowsiness or muscle relaxation with large doses.[21]
water
Vitamin B2
Riboflavin
Ariboflavinosis
water
Vitamin B3
Niacin, niacinamide
Pellagra
Liver damage (doses > 2g/day)[22] and other problems
water
Vitamin B5
Pantothenic acid
Paresthesia
Diarrhea; possibly nausea and heartburn.[24]
water
Vitamin B6
Pyridoxine, pyridoxamine, pyridoxal
nemia[25] peripheral neuropathy.
Impairment of proprioception, nerve damage (doses > 100 mg/day) Water
Vitamin B7
Biotin
Dermatitis, enteritis
Water
Vitamin B9
Folic acid, folinic acid
Megaloblast and Deficiency during pregnancy is associated with birth defects, such as neural tube defects May mask symptoms of vitamin B12 deficiency; other effects.
Water
Vitamin B12
Cyanocobalamin, hydroxycobalamin, methylcobalamin
Megaloblastic anemia[26]
Acne-like rash [causality is not conclusively established]. Water
Vitamin C
Ascorbic acid
Scurvy
Vitamin C megadosage
Water
Vitamin D
Cholecalciferol
Rickets and Osteomalacia
Hypervitaminosis D
Fat
Vitamin E
Tocopherols, tocotrienols
Deficiency is very rare; mild hemolytic anemia in newborn infants.[28]
ncreased congestive heart failure seen in one large randomized study.[29]
Fat
Vitamin K
phylloquinone, menaquinones
Bleeding diathesis
Increases coagulation in patients taking warfarin.[30]
Fat
Match the following Phil. Medicinal Plants and its Scientific name:
1. DILAU (CURCUMA LONGA) A. CASSIA ALATA
2. SIBUYAS(ALLIUM CEPA) B. JASMINUM SAMBAC
3. BUNGA(ARECA CATECHU) C. ALLIUM SATIVUM
4. KOGON(IMPERATA CYLINDRICA) D. ALOE BARBADENSIS
5. PALAY (ORYZA SATIVA) E. ALLIUM CEPA LINN
6. GABI(COLOCASIA ESCULENTA) F.BRASICA JUNCEA
7. SABILA (ALOE BARBADENSIS) G. BASELLA RUBRA
8. SAGING(MUSA SAPIENTUM) H.IMPERATA CYLINDRICA
9. KATAKA TAKA(KALANCHOE PINNATA) I. DAUCUS CAROTA
10.AKAPULKO(CASSIA ALATA) J. ALLIUM ASCALONICUM
11. SAMPAGUITA(JASMINUM SAMBAC) K. MORINGA OLEIFERA
12. KALACUCHI( PLUMERIA ACUMINATA) L. COLOCASIA ESCULENTA
13. CARROT(DAUCUS CAROTA) M. CURCUMA LONGA
14. ATIS(ANONA SQUAMOSA) N. ANONA SQUAMOSA
15. ALUGBATI(BASELLA RUBRA) O. MUSA SAPIENTUM
16. MALUNGGAY (MORINGA OLEIFERA) P.KALANCHOE PINNATA
17. MUSTASA(BRASICA JUNCEA) Q. ZEA MAYS
18. AJOS(ALLIUM SATIVUM) R. PLUMERIA ACUMINATA
19. SIBUYAS TAGALOG (ALLIUM ASCALONICUM)S. MANIGEFERA INDICA
20. MAIS((ZEA MAYS) T. ARECA CATECHU
21. PINEAPPLE(ANONA COMOSUS) U. COCOS NUCIFERA
22. NIYOG(COCOS NUCIFERA) V. ANONA COMOSUS
23. GUYABANO(ANONA MURICATA) W. TAMARINDUS INDICA
24. AVOCADO(PERSEA AMERICANA) X. PERSEA AMERICANA
25. SAMPALOK(TAMARINDUS INDICUS) Y. ORYZA SATIVA
26. MANGA(MANGIFERA INDICA) Z. ANONA MURICATA
SET B:
1. AMPALAYA(MOMORDICA CHARANTIA A. HIBISCUS ROSASINENSIS
2. PATATAS(SOLANUM TUBEROSUM) B. SOLANUM MELONGENA
3. TABAKO(NICOTIANA TABACUM) C. NICOTIANA TABACUM
4. TALONG(SOLANUM MELONGENA) D. SOLANUM TUBEROSUM
5. GUMAMELA(HIBISCUS ROSASINENSIS) E. MOMORDICA CHARANTIA
6. KAMOTENG KAHOY(MANIHOT ESCULENTA) F. LUFFA ACUTANGULA
7. TSAANG-GUBAT(CARMONA RETUSA) G. IPOMEA AQUATICA
8. LAGUNDI(VITEX NEGUNDO) H. VITEX NEGUNDO
9. KANGKONG(IPOMEAE AQUATICA) I. CARMONA RETUSA
10. PATOLA(LUFFA ACUTANGULA) J. MANIHOT ESCULENTA
SET C:
1. MANSANILYA(CHRYSANTHEMUM INDICUM) A. PTEROCARPUS INDICUS
2. TUBO (SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM) B. CITRUS AURANTIUM
3. MANI(ARACHIS HYPOGAEA) C. CITRUS GRANDES
4. LABANUS( raphanus sativus) D. CITRUS MICROCARPA
5. POINSETTIA(euphorbia pulcherrima) E. MUNTINGIA CALABURA
6. DATILES(muntingia calabura) F. EUPHORBIA PULCHERRIMA
7. KALAMANSI(citrus microcarpa) G. RAPHANUS SATIVUS
8. LUKBAN(citrus grandes) H. ARACHIS HYPOGEAE
9. DAYAP(citrus aurantium) I. SACCHARUM OFFICINARUM
10. NARRA( PTEROCARPUS INDICUS) J. CHRYSANTHEMUM INDICUM
SET D:
1. SALUYOT( CORCHORUS OLITORIUS) A. EUPHORBIA HIRTA LINN
2. TALBOS NG KAMOTE(IPOMEAE BATATAS) B. CHRYSOPHYLLUM CAINITO
3. KULITIS(AMARANTHUS SPINOSUS) C. ACHRAS ZAPOTA
4. DAHON NG SILI(capsicum frutescens) D. CORCHORUS OLITORIUS
5. MALUNGGAY(moringga oleifera) E. AMORANTHUS SPINOSUS
6. BAYABAS(psydium guajava) F. NERIUM INDICUM
7. ADELFA(nerium indicum) G. PSYDIUM GUAJAVA
8. CAIMITO(chrysophyllum cainito) H. IPOMEAE BATATAS
9. CHICO(achras zapota) I. CAPSICUM FRUTESCENS
10. TAWA TAWA(euphorbia hirta linn) J. MORINGA OLEIFERA
SET E
1. LIQUID ANIMAL FATS A. PROSTAGLANDINS
2. SOLID VEGETABLE OIL B. SEED
3. PATHOLOGIC PRODUCT OF SPERM WHALE C. COD LIVER OIL
4. USUAL SOURCE OF FIXED OILS D. ERGOSTEROL
5. USUAL SOURCE OF TANNINS FROM PLANTS E. EMBRYO
6. LIPID METABOLITES FORMED IN THE BODY OF ANIMAL FROM UNSAT. FATTY ACIDS OF THE DIET F. THEOBROMA OIL
7. PRINCIPAL STEROL IN FUNGI G. AMBERGRIS
8. SOLID RESINS FR. TURPENTINE H. BARKS/ STEMS
9. HALLUCINOGEN DERIVED FROM ERGOT I. LSD
10. PLANT PART FROM WHERE THE REFINED OIL IS OBTAINED J. RESIN
SET F: CATEGORIZED THE FOLLOWING:WHICH OF THE FF. DO NOT BELONG TO THE GROUP)
1. HC .VOL. OIL(CUBEBNF, PIPER NF, HUMULUS NF)
2. ALC. VOL . OIL(CARDAMON SEED,CORIANDER NF, ROSE NF
3. ALDEHYDE VOL.( CINNAMON NF, CITRONELLA OIL, LEMON PEEL)
4. KETONE VOL. OIL( SPEARMINT NF, CARAWAY OIL, CEDAR LEAF OIL)
5. PHENOL VOL. OIL(THYME NF, PIMENTA NF, MYRCIA OIL NF)
6. PHENOLIC ETHER VOL. OIL( ANISE NF, FENNEL NF, MYRISTICA NF)
7. OXIDE VOL. OIL(EUCALYPTUS USP,OLEUM CAJUPUTI, CHENOPODIUM)
8. ESTER VOLATILE OIL( LAVANDULA USP, BERGAMOT BLACK, PINE NEEDLE)
9. MISC. VOLATILE OIL( ALLIUM NF, ARNICA NF, MATRICARIA NF)
10. LATEX ( ELASTICA USP, CHICLE, BALATA)
11. BALSAMS( PERUVIAN BALSAM NF)
12. RESINS( JALAP NF, IPOMEA NF, CANNABIS USP)
13. GUM RESINS & OLEO GUM RESINS( GAMBOGE NF, MYRRH, ASAFETIDA NF)
14. TROPANE ALKALOIDS9 BELLADONNA ROOT NF, HYOSCYAMUS, NF)
15. INDOLE ALKALOIDS( CATHARANTHUS, NUX VOMICA)
No comments:
Post a Comment